Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Integrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Prime di Puskesmas Lanrisang Kabupaten Pinrang

Analysis of the Implementation of Prime Health Service Integration Policy at Lanrisang Community Health Center, Pinrang Regency

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pelaksanaan transformasi layanan primer melalui kebijakan Integrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer (ILP) merupakan upaya strategis Kementerian Kesehatan dalam meningkatkan cakupan layanan berbasis siklus hidup secara komprehensif dan berkesinambungan hingga ke tingkat desa dan dusun.

Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan ILP di Puskesmas Lanrisang, Kabupaten Pinrang, sebagai puskesmas lokus perluasan ILP tahun 2024.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan tiga komponen implementasi: input, proses, dan output, dengan mengacu pada Petunjuk Teknis PMK No. 2015 Tahun 2023 tentang Integrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer.

Hasil: Pelaksanaan ILP di Puskesmas Lanrisang belum sepenuhnya berjalan optimal. Pada aspek input, ketersediaan sarana prasarana, pendanaan serta infrastruktur sebagian besar sudah memadai, namun distribusi SDM terutama dokter belum merata pada seluruh klaster. Dari aspek proses, pelaksanaan pelayanan berbasis klaster telah dilakukan sesuai SOP, namun pada Klaster 3 ditemukan ketidaksesuaian dalam sasaran layanan. Pendekatan jejaring di Pustu dan Posyandu telah berjalan baik sesuai juknis, tetapi kunjungan rumah masih dilaksanakan oleh tim dari inovasi puskesmas, bukan oleh kader bersama petugas pustu sebagaimana diatur dalam KMK NO. HK.01.07/MENKES/2015/2023. Sementara itu, penguatan digitalisasi telah berjalan baik di tingkat puskesmas pada proses pelayanan namun belum sepenuhnya berjalan optimal pada pencatatan dan pelaporan secara digitalisasi di Pustu sehingga masih menggunakan pencatatan manual. Dari sisi output, ketersediaan layanan cukup lengkap, namun pemanfaatannya belum optimal, tercermin dari penurunan kunjungan dalam beberapa bulan terakhir.

Kesimpulan: Implementasi ILP di Puskesmas Lanrisang menunjukkan kemajuan, namun belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan juknis. Diperlukan penguatan pemahaman tim pelaksana, pemerataan tenaga kesehatan, serta percepatan digitalisasi di seluruh jejaring pelayanan agar integrasi pelayanan primer dapat berjalan efektif dan berkelanjutan.

ABSTRACT

Background: The implementation of primary care transformation through the Primary Health Care Integration (ILP) policy is a strategic effort of the Ministry of Health in increasing the coverage of life cycle-based services comprehensively and continuously to the village and hamlet levels.

Objective: To the implementation of ILP policy in Puskesmas Lanrisang, Pinrang Regency, as the locus of ILP expansion in 2024.

Method: This research used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document review. Analysis was conducted based on three components of implementation: inputs, processes, and outputs, with reference to the Technical Guidelines of PMK No. 2015 Year 2023 on Primary Health Care Integration.

Results: The implementation of ILP at Lanrisang Health Center has not fully run optimally. In the input aspect, the availability of infrastructure, funding and infrastructure is mostly adequate, but the distribution of human resources, especially doctors, is not evenly distributed throughout the cluster. From the process aspect, the implementation of cluster-based services has been carried out according to the SOP, but in Cluster 3 there are discrepancies in service targets. The network approach in Pustu and Posyandu has worked well according to the technical guidelines, but home visits are still carried out by the puskesmas innovation team, not by cadres together with pustu officers as stipulated in KMK NO. HK.01.07/MENKES/2015/2023. Meanwhile, the strengthening of digitalization has been running well at the puskesmas level in the service process, but it has not been fully optimized in the recording and reporting of digitalization at Pustu so that they still use manual recording. In terms of output, the availability of services is quite complete, but utilization is not optimal, reflected in the decline in visits in recent months.

Conclusion: The implementation of ILP at Lanrisang Health Center shows progress, but not yet fully in accordance with the technical guidelines. Strengthening the understanding of the implementation team, equitable distribution of health workers, and accelerating digitization in all service networks are needed so that primary care integration can run effectively and sustainably.